Lesson 7: The Shock - Hughes

 1. What did America invent, relative to the museum, according to Hughes? How did this change the art collection approach of modern collectors? How did Alfred Barr contribute to this approach. How did this shape MOMA? How was this exemplified by The National Gallery?

- In Robert Hughes’ words, America created the modern museums we know and go to today showing us the importance of the educational purposes of the museum and how to exceed in terms of education as well. In terms of Alfred Barr, this man was a huge contributor, he was the man who was the director of the Museum Of Modern Art which is located in New York City. MOMA is a museum that contains loads of not only regular paintings, sculptures, drawings, etc but they also contained film art, media, and performance arts as well, plenty of room to store different works of art in different categories. The National Gallery in Washington would bring attention to the influence on America in terms of engaging in the different forms of artwork shown and he education as a whole as well.

2. Describe "urban renewal". Use examples from SOHO, and the area around the Pompidou in Paris (the Culture Gulch). Describe how we arrived here. How the function of art changed from visual communication, through public discourse, through avant-gardism to this point of urban renewal?

- The definition and/or the term of Urban Renewal is when early efforts are usually focused on housing reform, sanitary, and public-health measures followed by growing emphasis on slum clearance and the relocation of population. SOHO is a neighborhood in New York and as time went on, it would recieve a big change in the 1960s and 1980s, turning a neighborhood into an artist district, making conditions where the area turned into an upper income and gentrified area as well. The Centre Pompidou was first unveiled around 1977 and it’s been known for having a unique design, having pipes on the outside of their building as well, having not only that but industrial pipes but open glass views of Paris as well. In terms of public discourse, this shows us the evolution of the cultural and political landscapes that’s more presence, and the communications that started said discourse as well. Avant Gardism in urban renewal enhances the cultural and economic production in said areas.

3. What is the function of a museum? What can it hold? What can it not hold? Expand on the narrators museum and Zoo metaphor. What should the function of a museum be? Do you agree with this films conclusion? In some ways it is directly at odds with my opinion. Who is right? does it matter?  What is your opinion? Why should we care?

- In terms of a museum, the function of a museum is to collect, maintain, and display any form of artistic culture and works of art that can shown off for a person’s viewing pleasure. Most museums can hold items like paintings, sculptures, or documents, on the other hand, not all museums are the same, some have different amounts of space to be stored so they can’t cram every work of art into one, some works of art needs a certain amount of space so people can view it. In terms of the metaphors, the museum is a place to people can view a work of art and analyzing what the significance behind said work of art, and also both the museum and the zoo can be both forms of entertainment since both attracts were around for so long back in the day as well, as already mentioned, both have a equal amount of education and entertainment as a whole. 


Sources:

- https://www.britannica.com/topic/urban-renewal

- https://www.cntraveler.com/activities/paris/centre-pompidou#:~:text=When%20the%20Centre%20Pompidou%20opened,of%20Paris's%20contemporary%20art%20world.



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